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Lemma·L08

Associativity of addition

Grouping does not matter when adding.

for all .
In words
Adding m to k and then adding n gives the same result as adding the sum of m and n to k, for all natural numbers k, m, n.
Never needed: F03 · F04 · F05 · F06 · F08 · F10 · F11 · F12 · F13 · A02 · A03 · A04 · A05 · A07 · A08 (computed from the citation graph, not asserted).

Proof

  1. 1
    Fix and ; we induct on using T05 applied to (Separation).
  2. 2
    Base: , both steps by the first equation of D027.
  3. 3
    Step: assume . Then by the second equation of D027 (thrice) and the induction hypothesis with substitutivity.
  4. 4
    T05 gives ; since were arbitrary, the identity holds for all (universal generalization).

Remarks

The first of the classical laws of arithmetic, and structurally the simplest: the recursion of addition lives entirely in the right argument, and associativity only reshuffles right arguments. Commutativity is subtler because it must move the recursion across to the left argument.

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